Keeping teenagers in school may be the best way to avoid repeat pregnancies, according to Dorothy R. Hollingsworth, professor of medicine and adolescent medicine at the University of California, San Diego. At a recent conference she suggested that family planning practitioners pursue 5 goals: develop more peer counseling programs for teenagers; make biological information available to teens at earlier ages, including information on the total reproductive process; offer contraceptive counseling in as many settings as possible; make early 1st trimester abortions more accessible for teenagers; and encourage teens to stay in school. Hollingsworth indicates that teenaged women are usually sexually active for 1-2 years before they seek professional counseling for birth control. She cited 6 factors as leading to early sexual activity: shortened childhood; sexual maturity; early involvement with 1 individual versus group activities; peer pressure; and excitement of risk taken. Hollingsworth warned that low dose oral contraceptives (OCs) may cause complications in teenagers, including menstrual changes, migraine headaches, depression, nausea, and fluid retention. In addition, Hollingsworth believes that IUDs are a poor form of contraception for the nulliparous patient and that the diaphragm is a better option than the contraceptive sponge for teenagers.

来源：Contraceptive technology update 1985 年 6卷 6期