The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of beta blockade on outcome in patients with heart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation (AF).Beta-blockers are widely used in patients with HF and AF. Recommendation in current HF guidelines, however, is based on populations in which the most patients had sinus rhythm. Whether beta-blockers are as useful in AF is uncertain.Studies were included that investigated the effect of placebo-controlled, randomized beta-blocker therapy in patients with AF at baseline and HF with reduced systolic left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <40

作者：Michiel, Rienstra；Kevin, Damman；Bart A, Mulder；Isabelle C, Van Gelder；John J V, McMurray；Dirk J, Van Veldhuisen

来源：JACC. Heart failure 2013 年 1卷 1期